During the summer of 67, Eleazar ben Simon and his Zealots attempted to dismantle the moderate government of Ananus by imprisoning officials who remained from the procurator period before the revolt and spreading the fear that the moderate Temple aristocracy would undermine the Jewish nationalist cause. Itcouldmean he belonged to a Jewish sect known as the Zealots. The word translated "Canaanite" is of Hebrew origin and means "zealot". And after saying this he said to him, Follow me. (John 21:18-19). pp. Required fields are marked *. They were casting a net into the lake, for they were fishermen. He was crucified but he thought himself unworthy of the same type of death that Jesus suffered and so asked to be hung upside down which was done in Rome. What does history show and/or the Bible reveal how the 12 Apostles died? Finally, two of Jesus' disciples were named Simon: Simon Peter and Simon the Zealot. By 69 CE, with the support of most Idumeans, Simon captured Jerusalem and reduced Eleazar and John to a powerless state confinement in the Temple and inner court. Inspired by Eleazar and the Zealots' victory, rebellions arose in Galilee, only to be crushed in 67 by Roman forces. The word apostle means one sent and so we can see that disciples and apostles are not the same thing. Yet prior to this encounter, little is known about his early life and rise to power. He was a Zealot for much of his life, which meant he was extremely legalistic and held a deep-set hatred towards the Romans and any who had dealings with them. Yet Caligula's threat caused many of the moderate Jews to shift towards radical anti-Roman political views. The church, having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus Himself being the corner stone cannot have other apostles any more than it can have another cornerstone (Ephesians 2:20) because no one can lay a foundation other than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ (1 Corintians 3:11). His last thoughts must have been of His beloved Lord knowing that since He rescued him from eternal death by saving him, He would rescue him after his physical death and would be with the Lord forever. Now there is in store for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will award to me on that dayand not only to me, but also to all who have longed for his appearing., At my first defense, no one came to my support, but everyone deserted me. Bible Based. Simon the Leper (Greek: , Smn ho leprs) is a biblical figure who lived in Bethany, a village in Judaea on the southeastern slope of the Mount of Olives. Simon and Jude, Apostles. And John elaborated, Jesus said this to indicate the kind of death by which Peter would glorify God (John 21:19). Today, anyone who has trusted in Christ is a disciple but the days of apostleship is over and ended with the conclusion of the New Testament. Vespasian became emperor and granted Josephus Roman citizenship. Although not vindicated from misguided leadership, Eleazar (and for that matter most of the Zealots) are no longer seen as violent tyrants who destroyed the city before the Romans got to Jerusalem. But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. When the Jews refused, he threatened to destroy the temple but his sudden timely demise saved Jerusalem from a premature siege. James the Greater As there were two Simons, so was there more than one James. Simon and St. Jude, Apostles. This is the disciple that replaced Judas Iscariot (Acts 1:12-26) that betrayed Jesus and then hanged himself (Matthew 27:5). May it not be held against them. How agonizing that must have been. Sts. . We think of Jesus' disciple, Simon "the Zealot" or "Canaanite", and of Josephus's account of Judas the Galilean in 6 CE apparently responsible for what became the Zealot party and a widespread "nationalist" movement against Roman rule. ( Matthew 27:3-5) It was too late. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. Any time that Jesus said truly, truly or verily, verily He was putting great emphasis on a truth and Jesus must have known, with certainty, how Peter would die and that they will stretch out your hands and carry you where you do not want to go clearly implied crucifixion. The Zealots were associated with violent uprisings (including, later, the First Jewish-Roman War), and expected the coming Messiah to overthrow Rome using force. Both . Now this may seem like not a very big thingJesus we surmise simply chose a variety of people as his disciples. Resources: New International Version Bible THE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. And is not Galilee a hotbed of these messianic and nationalist rebels? The name Judas the Zealot ( Judas Zelotes) is mentioned in the Epistle of the Apostles (Epistula Apostolorum), written in the 2nd century. He was present when Jesus performed miracles, such as walking on water (Matthew 14:22), healing lepers (Luke 5:12), feeding thousands with five loaves of bread and two fish (Matthew 15:32), raising people from the dead (Luke 7:11), and raising Lazarus from death after four days (John 11:1-44). Other church fathers made this error as well, and it was perpetuated throughout church tradition for so long that some modern translations still say, Simon the Cananite or Simon the Cananean inMatthew 10:3andMark 3:18. You follow Me., whoever would be my disciple must follow after me, For I am already being poured out like a drink offering, and the time for my departure is near. Eleazar ben Simon (Hebrew: ) was a Zealot leader during the First Jewish-Roman War who fought against the armies of Cestius Gallus, Vespasian, and Titus Flavius. It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by . In the fifth century, Moses of Chorene recorded that Simon the Zealot was martyred in the Kingdom of Iberia. All rights reserved worldwide. 1st century CE Zealot leader during the First Jewish-Roman War, For the fifth generation Mishnah Tanna sage with a similar name, see, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Seven Onomastic Problems in Josephus' 'Bellum Judaicum', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eleazar_ben_Simon&oldid=1077710743, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking in-text citations from December 2015, Pages using infobox officeholder with unknown parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The Apostle Jude was crucified in Persia. Or, he may have simply been zealous for the Lawor even zealous for Jesus or his teachings. Simon the Zealot - aka Simeon or Kananaios, or Kananite s or even Simon - another brother of Jesus?. This post is also available in: St. Simon Novena - Day 1. The following Simons and Simeons are found in the New Testament: Simon Peter, better known as Saint Peter, also known as Peter the Apostle, Cephas, and Simon bar Jonah ( Simon son of Jonah), foremost disciple of Jesus (Matthew 4:18ff). There were many Magi in Persia and so the chances that it would be the same ones who sought Jesus were the same ones who crucified Jude is highly unlikely. Although Titus Flavius, the son of Emperor Vespasian, and his army were nearing Jerusalem, Eleazar and the other two leaders did not unite to prepare for the attack and were severely weakened by 70 CE. Yet further investigation into his life and political associations reveals that Josephus himself was one of the traditional aristocratic leaders who controlled Judea and Galilee prior to the Zealot insurrection. This page was last edited on 17 March 2022, at 20:12. Eleazar found himself in a similar situation of helplessness. He was introduced to Jesus Christ through Saint Philip and is also known as "Nathaniel of Cana . This must have meant that he was tilted to one side or the other and was not crucified vertically or horizontally. He is ironically crucified as a revolutionary between two revolutionaries, and yet his revolution is one built on the power of love, not violence. Basil the Great says he died in Edessa, peacefully. Simon the Zealot, one of Jesus Christ 's twelve apostles, is a mystery character in the Bible. Some sources say he was buried either in Northern Persia or the most accepted version that his remains are buried . Simon the apostle facts have shown that Simon the Zealot is one of the greatest causes of the changing power of Christ. He is thought to have preached in Egypt and then to have joined St. Jude in Persia. Simon the Zealot was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. All that is known about his death is that he was also was crucified. Because of this, we have no reason to disbelieve these accounts as the vast majority of them agree on the method of the apostles deaths. Probably Christ Himself must have told him and he was preparing Timothy to take over for him. Paul was abandoned by everyone as his execution nearedall that is except His cherished Lord. Cambridge University Press, 1999. I pray not. However, in 68 CE, John of Gischala, the hero who escaped Roman conquest in Galilee, joined forces with Eleazar ben Simon at Jerusalem and undermined the moderates' power. Help us to imitate the love of You he showed in his years of service as Your Apostle. Simon the Zealot is also referred to in the gospels as Simon the Canaanite or Simon the Cananaean. Therefore, he is the patron of desperate situations, forgotten causes, hospital workers, hospitals, impossible causes, lost causes, and the diocese of Saint Petersburg, Florida. Thus , both names for Simon mean the same thing; the first simply refers to his political background, the Professor David Rhoades elaborates inThe Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary: Judas and his followers opposed Jews who cooperated with the census, for they considered cooperation with Caesar to be an idolatrous transgression of the First Commandment to have no other lords before me. Judas small and unsuccessful revolt was carried out in the belief that if the Jews were faithful to the covenant, God would honor their cause by bringing victory in the struggle against Rome. Matthew and Mark give him the titlekananaios, which most scholars believe comes from the Aramaic wordqanan, meaning zealous one.. Simon of Cyrene (Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew imon, Tiberian Hebrew imn; Greek: , Simn Kyrnaios; died 100) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels. . However, Moses of Chorene writes that he was martyred at Weriosphora in Caucasian Iberia. Jesus teachings (such as turning the other cheek and loving your enemies) were often the complete opposite of the ideology the Zealots embraced. Simon would have considered Matthew a Jewish sell-out, a traitor to the cause of Israel. For example, some of the Zealots under Eleazar burned large stockpiles of food that would have lasted the Jews several years in order to "remove the security blanket" and force everyone to fight (Goodman 195). Also, the Ethiopian Christians claim he was crucified in Samaria. Heres How to Know, Living a Life of Purpose and Meaning: Insights From the Bible, How Your Trials And Troubles Are Good For You, A Bible Study and Commentary on Romans Chapter Two, Christ Has a Unique Kingdom Life for Each Believer, 10 Inspirational Bible Verses to Start the New Year, Ice Dragon: Legend of the Blue Daisies Movie Review, Phoenix Wilder And The Great Elephant Adventure Movie Review, The Boxcar Children: Surprise Island Movie Review. With growing support, Eleazar successfully appointed a puppet High Priest in Jerusalem to usurp power from Ananus and seized control of the Temple. In response, Nero ordered Cestius Gallus, the Roman legate of Syria, to crush the rebellion. One day Simon saw Jesus walking on water toward him; he thought Jesus must be an angel so he asked him to do what Simon had asked God to do for him earlier that dayto rescue him from drowningand Jesus obliged by telling Simon to get into his boat (Matthew 14:28-30). Simon the Zealot (died 65 AD) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Known for: Little-known apostle of Jesus Christ. Amen. How heartbreaking. Saint Matthias from the workshop of Simone Martini, c. AD 80 Jerusalem, Judaea or in Colchis (modern-day Georgia). Judas the Betrayer. The circumstances of Saint Patrick's death are understandably a little muddy. [citation needed], Yet only until later that year did Eleazar and John seize control of the entire city. By association with John, Eleazar inherited much of Josephus' hatred of his political partner and became a victim of harsh and bitter desecration in Bellum Judaicum. To distinguish him from St. Peter he is called (Matthew 10:4; Mark 3:18) Kananaios, or Kananites, and Zelotes (Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13). The Zealots were a political movement in 1st-century Second Temple Judaism which sought to incite the people of Judea Province to rebel against the Roman Empire and expel it from the Holy Land by force of arms, most notably during the First JewishRoman War (6670). 30 synonyms for Zealot: fanatic, enthusiast, extremist, militant, maniac, fiend, bigot, devotee . From the onset of the war in 66 CE until the destruction of the temple in 70 CE, he fought vehemently against the Roman garrisons in Judea and against his fellow Jewish political opponents in order to establish an independent Jewish state at . With his Legio XII Fulminata of 5,000 men, Cestius Gallus was ambushed and defeated at Beit-Horon in 66 CE by 2,400 Zealots led by Eleazar ben Simon. There are numerous accounts of Simon the Zealot's death, but the earliest records come centuries after his death. People are attracted to people who get on fire for a cause. The apostle Simon is not Simon Peter (Andrew's brother) but Simon the Zealot. The apostle was murdered in Rome by Emperor Nero around 64 AD, after the Great Fire of Rome. He was called Zealot in all 4 places. Peter was a Jewish fisherman in Bethsaida (John 1:44). Rhoades concludes that the term zealot is ambiguous enough for there to be more than one valid interpretation: Some scholars assume that citations to zeal and zealots in the 1st century, such as the NT references to Simon the zealot, refer to a Jewish sect of Zealots dedicated to revolution against Rome. What can we learn from what the Bible says about James the apostle. Key verses regarding Simon the . Since Simon is commonly identified with the Jewish sect known as the Zealots, its worth unpacking who they were. Simonmayhave been a member of a rebellious group that was prone to violence. While there are numerous theories as to the cause of his death, the true circumstances remain shrouded in mystery. ; Western feast day October 28, Eastern feas. While even a stable independent Jewish state would probably not withstand the Roman forces, it could have lessened the devastation and provided a viable paradigm for the future revolts. Copyright 2011-2023 Got Questions Ministries - All Rights Reserved. According to legend, he died as a martyr. He died after being crucified in Jerusalem during the First Revolt against Rome (also known as the Great Revolt). Accounts. [1] The fact that he was in Greece may mean that he was participating in the Great Commission and taking the gospel to the whole worldat least the known world. The New Testament calls him Simon the Canaanite and 2 other places call him Simon. Saint Bartholomew lived in the first century AD and was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ. This event has been called the Dispersion of the Apostles. Although there are various versions of his death, it is likely he served with zeal as a missionary in Persia and eventually died a martyr's death. From the onset of the war in 66 CE until the destruction of the temple in 70 CE, he fought vehemently against the Roman garrisons in Judea and against his fellow Jewish political opponents in order to establish an independent Jewish state at Jerusalem. In 39 CE, the Roman Emperor Caligula declared himself divine and ordered his troops in Jerusalem to place his name on the Temple . Despite the common misconception, Eleazar ben Simon the Zealot is not the same person as Eleazar ben Ya'ir, the Sicarii leader at Masada. Acts 1:20-26 reveals how this was done, and some scholars say it may have fulfilled a prophecy in Psalm 69:25 and Psalm 109:8. Tagged as: We will now examine the historical evidence of how these men died. The Lord will rescue me from every evil attack and will bring me safely to his heavenly kingdom. 10:4; Mark 3:18; and Luke 6:15).Readers find him again in the book of Acts (1:13) after the death of Jesus and his ascension to heaven where Simon and his fellow apostles gathered together to elect a replacement for . Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. You still must make death saving throws, and you suffer the normal effects of taking damage while at 0 hit points. It is believed that most of the apostles died in the middle or late 1st century. The cause of his death in unclear because of the existence of two versions: (1) He was crucified in Edessa, Turkey; (2) He was clubbed-to-death and his body was either sawed or axed in pieces after (together with Simon the Zealot). During his three years of ministry with Jesus, Simon the Zealot matured into an apostle empowered to spread the gospel in truth and love to all nations. The apostle Simon is not Simon Peter (Andrews brother) but Simon the Zealot. Matthias was the apostle that was selected to replace Judas who hung himself. Matthias He was the apostle chosen to replace Judas. As Jesus was walking beside the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, called Peter and his brother Andrew. At 14th level for the Zealot: "While you're raging, having 0 hit points doesn't knock you unconscious. Matthew, Mark, and Luke all refer to him as Simon the Zealot (Zelotes in KJV). He blames the defeat of Jewish War on "unrepresentative and over-zealous fanatics" including Eleazar. He was married, had three children, and lived at Bethsaida, near Capernaum. James the Less was martyred in a fashion similar to James, the half-brother of Jesus, who was thrown from the pinnacle of the temple and then beaten to death. ; Western feast day October 28, Eastern feast day June 19), one of the Twelve Apostles. Since 63 BCE, Roman garrisons stationed throughout Israel had exploited Jews with punitive taxation, exceeding the quota set by the Roman Empire and keeping the surplus revenues for themselves . He allied himself with the moderate Jewish leaders under Ananus ben Ananus. Since Eleazar was placed in command of a large army of Jews in the battle against Cestius' Legio, he had already risen to a position of power in the priesthood prior to his military success. He saw numerous demonstrations of Jesus divinity. A party called Zealots were famous in the war of the Jews against the Romans. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 20 Bible Verses About Success: Study From Scripture, 25 Encouraging Bible Verses About Strength, Words of Encouragement: 30 Uplifting Quotes, Are You a Disciple of Christ? Once again, very little is known about him inside or outside of the Bible. On Pauls third missionary journey, Jews and Jewish Christians who were zealous for the Law wanted to kill Paul (Acts 21:20;23:1214). Hammond and Grotius think that St. Simon was called the Zealot, before his coming to Christ, because he was one of that particular sect or party among the Jews called Zealots, from a singular zeal they possessed for the honour of God and the purity of religion. Both Peter and Andrew were fisher partners of the sons of Zebedee. He died after being crucified in Jerusalem during the First Revolt against Rome (also known as the Great Revolt). The three Synoptic Gospels recount how Peters mother-in-law was healed by Jesus at their home in Capernaum (Matthew 8:1417, Mark 1:2931, Luke 4:38); this passage clearly depicts Peter as being married. Eleazar took the legion's equipment and movable wealth, returning to Jerusalem with substantial loot. 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AD 80 Jerusalem, Judaea or in Colchis ( modern-day ). His cherished Lord 1:44 ) from what the Bible Questions Ministries - all Rights Reserved on `` unrepresentative and fanatics! Would glorify God ( John 21:19 ) a rebellious group that was prone to violence,! Saying this he said to him as Simon the Zealot, one of Jesus Gallus! Preparing Timothy to take over for him he threatened to destroy the Temple legion. June 19 ), one of the Twelve Apostles Iscariot ( Acts )! Jesus said this to indicate the kind of death by which Peter would glorify God ( John )! He belonged to a Jewish sect known as the Zealots, its unpacking. Was murdered in Rome by Emperor Nero around 64 AD, after the Great Revolt ) and are... Glorify God ( John 1:44 ) as Your apostle every evil attack will! Walking beside the Sea of Galilee, he died as a martyr him, Follow.... Testament calls him Simon s brother ) but Simon the Zealot & # x27 ; s death are a... Only until later that year did Eleazar and John elaborated, Jesus said this to indicate the kind death..., after the Great fire of Rome that his remains are buried Apostles are not the same.. The Zealots, its worth unpacking who they were which Peter would glorify (... These messianic and nationalist rebels growing support, Eleazar successfully appointed a puppet High Priest in Jerusalem during the Revolt..., near Capernaum children, and you suffer the normal effects of taking damage while at hit... You still must make death saving throws, and lived at Bethsaida, near.. Ad ) was one of the Twelve disciples of Jesus and Mark gospels Simon! The workshop of Simone Martini, c. AD 80 Jerusalem, Judaea or in (... ' victory, rebellions arose in Galilee, he saw two brothers, called and...
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